[1] Thomas Doherty. Pre-Code Hollywood. Columbia University Press, 1999, p. 27.

[2] Norman Bowie. "A Kantian Theory Of Capitalism." Business Ethics Quarterly, The Ruffin Series #1 Special Issue, 1998, pp. 54.

[3] Eric Hobsbawm. Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914-1991. London: Michael Joseph, 1994.

[4] Lea Jacobs and Richard Maltby (eds). "Re-thinking The Production Code" (Special Issue). Quarterly Review of Film & Video. Vol 15(4), March 1995.

[5] David S. Foglesong. "Roots of 'Liberation': American Images of the Future of Russia in the Early Cold War, 1948-53." International History Review. vol XXX(1), March 1999, pp. 57-79.

[6] Howard Bloom. >The Lucifer Principle: A Scientific Exploration Of The Forces Of History. New York Atlantic Monthly Press, 1995, pp. 311-313.

[7] Kenneth Galbraith. The Great Crash, 1929. Harmandsworth [UK]: Penguin, 1975.

[8] Doherty, ibid, p. 70.

[9] Doherty, ibid, p. 86.

[10] A term used in trans-personal psychology. See Erik Erikson. Identity And The Lifecycle. New York: Norton, 1980.

[11] Doherty, ibid, p. 86.

[12] Doherty, ibid, p. 56.

[13] Doherty, ibid, p. 118.

[14] Doherty, ibid, p. 166.

[15] Doherty, ibid, p. 164.

[16] Doherty, ibid, p. 72.

[17] Bertram Gross. Friendly Fascism: The New Face Of Power In America. New York: M. Holt, 1980, pp. 47-49. John Ralston Saul. The Unconscious Civilization. New York: Free Press, 1997, pp. 33-37.

[18] Doherty, ibid, p. 70.

[19] Doherty, p. 162.

[20] Doherty, ibid, pp. 89, 162.

[21] Doherty, p. 165. On the possible perinatal roots of this unresolved end as a cultural manifestation of birth trauma, see Stanislav Grof. Beyond The Brain. New York: State University of New York Press, 1985, pp. 257, 266, 305.

[22] Doherty, p. 164.

[23] Doherty, ibid, p.57.

[24] Doherty, ibid, p. 84, 87.

[25] Doherty, ibid, p. 169-170.

[26] Doherty, ibid, p.61.

[27] This motif is also explicit in the closing images of Bret Easton Ellis' novel Less Than Zero. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985. The imagery is missing from the more subdued film. The 1970s and early 1980s convention of 'killer children' such as in The Omen (1976) also coincided with a fall in the U.S. birth-rate.

[28] Doherty, ibid, p. 61.

[29] Doherty, ibid, p. 61.

[30] Doherty, ibid, p. 61.

[31] Andrew Ross. The Chicago Gangster Theory Of Life. New York: Verso, 1994.

[32] Frank Miller. Batman: The Dark Knight Returns. New York: D.C. Comics, 1986.

[33] Dave Grossman. On Killing. New York: Little Brown & Co, 1996. Also see: Dave Grossman's Killology Research Group.

[34] See Social Judgement school psychologist Muzafer Sherif's notorious Robbers Cave Experiment.

[35] Bloom., ibid, p. 148-149.

[36] Doherty, ibid, pp. 88-89.

[37] Doherty, ibid, p. 71.

[38] Doherty, ibid, p. 71.

[39] Doherty, ibid, p. 71.

[40] Doherty, ibid, p. 131.

[41] Jane Gaines and Michael Renov (eds). "Female Representation and Consumer Culture" (Special Issue). Quarterly Review of Film & Video. Vol 11(1), 1989.

[42] Jean Lipman-Blumen and Harold J. Leavitt. Hot Groups. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 82.

[43] Dave Arnott. Corporate Cults. New York: AMACOM, 1999, p.8. Charismatic leadership styles are discussed on pp. 124-128. Arnott's criteria include: submission to leadership; polarized worldview; feelings over thought; manipulation of feelings; denigration of critical thinking; fulfillment can only be realised in the group; the ends justify the means, group over the individual; severe sanctions for defection or criticism of the cult; severing ties with family, friends, goals, interests. Anderson's behaviour meets the majority of this criteria. Employee's Entrance is a fascinating case-study of Arnott's hypothesis: one that occurred because the Depression-era corporation was forced to become a surrogate family for its employees.

[44] Doherty, ibid, p. 73.

[45] Doherty, ibid, p. 73.

[46] Joseph M. Woods. "Some Considerations on Psycho-History." In Geoffry Cocks and Travis L. Crosby (ed.). Psycho/History: Readings in the Method of Psychology, Psychoanalysis, and History. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1987, p. 114.

[47] Doherty, ibid, p. 71.

[48] Doherty, ibid, p. 71.

[49] Murray Smith. "Altered States: Characters & Emotional Response In Cinema." Cinema Journal. Vol 33(4), Summer 1994, pp. 34-56.