[1] Jacques Ellul. Propaganda: The Formation of Men's Attitudes. New York: Vintage Books, 1973. p. 10.

[2] Jacques Ellul Ibid. p. 15.

[3] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. 12.

[4] Peter Brooks. The Melodramatic Imagination: Balzac, Henry James, Melodrama, and the Mode of Excess. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995. p. 14.

[5] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 15.

[6] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 20.

[7] Peter Brooks. Ibid. pp. 21-22.

[8] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 4.

[9] Stephen Neale. "Melo Talk: On The Meanings and Use of the Term "Melodrama" in the American Trade Press." The Velvet Light Trap. 32.3 (1993). p. 66.

10 Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 67.

[11] Stephen Neale. Ibid. pp. 72-73.

[12] Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 74.

[13] Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 69.

[14] Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 75.

[15] Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 71.

[16] Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 72.

[17] Stephen Neale. Ibid. p. 73.

[18] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 5.

[19] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 11.

[20] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 69.

[21] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 17.

Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 33.

[23] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 16.

[24] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 19.

[25] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 19.

[26] Peter Brooks. Ibid. 19.

[27] Joseph Natoli. Hauntings: Popular Film and American Culture: 1990-1992. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994. p. 206.

[28] Guido Convents. 'Documentary and Propaganda Before 1914.' Framework. 35 (1988). p. 106.

[29] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 67.

[30] Eric Schaeffer. 'Resisting Refinement: The Exploitation Film and Self-Censorship.' Film History. 6 (1994). p. 301.

[31] Michael Curtin. 'The Discourse of "Scientific Anti-Communism" in the "Golden Age" of Documentary.' Cinema Journal. 32:1 (Fall 1992). pp. 9-14.

[32] D.N. Rodowick. 'Madness, Authority, and Identity in the Domestic Melodrama of the 1950's.' The Velvet Light Trap. 19 (1982). p. 40.

[33] Christopher Simpson. Science of Coercion: Communication Research and Psychological Warfare, 1945-1960. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. p. 12.

[34] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Politics and Film. London: Studio Vista, 1971. p. 155.

[35] Beverly Merrill Kelley with John J. Pitney Jr., Craig R. Smith, and Herbert E. Gooch III. Reelpolitik: Political Ideologies in '30s and '40s Films. Westport, CN: Praeger, 1998. p. 80.

[36] Beverly Merrill Kelley with John J. Pitney Jr., Craig R. Smith, and Herbert E. Gooch III. Ibid. p. 80.

[37] Douglas Rushkoff. Coercion: Why We Listen To What "They" Say. New York: Riverhead Books, 1999. p. 126.

[38] Larry Gross. 'Exploding Hollywood.' Sight + Sound. 5:3 (March 1995). p. 17.

[39] Larry Gross. Ibid. p. 15.

[40]Larry Gross. Ibid. p. 15.

[41] Larry Gross. Ibid. p. 15.

[42] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 23.

[43] Massimo Piatielli-Palmarini. Inevitable Illusions: How Mistakes of Reason Rule Our Minds. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994. pp. 17-18.

[44] Peter Brooks. Ibid. p. 9.

[45] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Ibid. p. 165.

[46] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Ibid. p. 166.

[47] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). p. 164.

[48] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. pp. 199-200.

[49] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 40.

[50] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 84.

[51] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Ibid. p. 164.

[52] 'Surface' and 'deep' structures/texts are a convention of Chomskyan transformational linguistics, and the new school of Cognitive Grammar (George Lakoff).

[53] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Ibid. p. 168.

[54] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Ibid. pp. 165-166.

[55] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 17.

[56] Dana Polan. Power and Paranoia: History, Narrative and the American Cinema, 1940-1950. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986. p. 54.

[57] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 163.

[58] Jacques Ellul. Ibid. p. 75.

[59] Leif Furhammer and Folke Isaksson (Trans. Kersti French). Ibid. p. 168.