Elizabethan England magus John Dee (1527-1608) is best known in occult circles for the 'Enochian Keys', a series of nineteen magical incantations received by Dee and collaborator Edward Kelley during a period of Angel/Spirit scrying (1583-1589), which has dwarfed Dee's other Work. Some researchers have suggested that the 'Wisdom of Enoch' and the 'Adamic' language concealed counter-espionage codes, and subtle para-politics designed to symbolically transmutate the collective unconsciousness (his trademark signature '007' influenced Ian Fleming's James Bond). Dee played a pivotal role in influencing Elizabethan England, from the time of his studies at Louvain University (1548). His knowledge of 'Mathesis' (mathematical magic), 'Theurgy' (supernatural powers), and interest in geography, mathematics, navigation, and cryptography brought him to the attention of Queen Elizabeth (he served her as Royal Astrologer), who eventually appointed him in 1592 as Warden of Christ's College (until 1605).
Dee's long-term influence can be found in para-political Workings that are ignored by the Enochian-obsessed occultnik. His personal library of over 2000 books and 198 manuscript codices surpassed Cambridge University's library and Oxford University's Corpus Christi College. Dee's multi-layered fusion of alchemy and cryptography dominates his analysis of Trithemius' 'Steganographia' (1606). His 'Mathematicall Praeface' (1570) to Euclid was highly regarded, as were his writings 'Propaedeumata aphoristica' (1558), 'Monas Hieroglyphica' (1564), and Parallacticae Commentationis Praxosque' (1573). Dee's 'natural philosophy' combining Astrological Physics, Hermeticism, Mathematics, and Optics was a transitional bridge between the symbolically rich and evocative language of Magic, and emerging empirical Science. Labelled a 'Conjurer' in Marian England, Dee's vast knowledge and intellectual reputation protected him from periodic witch-hunts.
From 1551 to 1583, Dee was consultant to the 'Muscovy Company', which was attempting to find North-eastern and North-western sea-routes to Cathay. He directed the voyages of Adrian and Humphrey Gilbert, and three by Martin Frobisher from 1576-1578. He brought astronomical and navigation instruments to England from Continental Europe in 1550, worked on calendar reform, promoted antiquarian dealings, and helped develop scientific cartography (his research was reportedly used by the Dutch). He was informal friends with Gerard Mercator, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Philip Sydney's circle.
In 'General & Rare Memorials' (1570), Dee foresaw the rise of the 'Incomparable BRYTISH EMPIRE', stimulating empire-building ideologies and colonialist propaganda (magician Don Webb has suggested that Dee's Word was 'Regi': 'I will reign'). His expected 'Petty Navy Royall' (the English Fleet) defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588, a decisive military victory which subsequently influenced the geo-political balance of Western Civilization.
Seeking increased patronage, Dee had reluctantly journeyed to Poland in late 1583 at the invitation of Prince Albrecht Laski. Alienating his various patrons (Count Rosenberg of Bohemia), Dee returned to England in 1589, but faced a decline of power under King James in Tudor England. Although he died virtually penniless in 1608, Dee's vast 'Cosmo-politics' mosaic played a truly revolutionary role for the next three hundred years in Western Civilization. The true magical fruits of Dee's para-political Workings was not the still relatively obscure and misinterpreted 'Enochian Keys', but a subsequent entity known as the British Empire.